From Newsweek:
The point at which the takeover may become irreversible could arrive when an AI system becomes sufficiently distributed, autonomous and strategically capable that no institution can locate, contain and disable every instance, according to Roman Yampolskiy, an associate professor in the Department of Computer Engineering and Computer Science at the University of Louisville’s Speed School of Engineering and director of its Cyber Security Lab, says.
“Disconnecting one data center accomplishes little if the system has already established independent copies and control over essential infrastructure,” he said. “At that point, pulling the plug might be technically impossible or impose catastrophic costs.” [Another expert says] the process could become irreversible if one or more collectives were able to significantly improve their own capabilities.